1. Patient-derived organoid establishment (Time Frame - 3 years): Successful generation of lung cancer organoids (growth of lung tumoral cells). The rate of successful generation of lung cancer organoids could vary with the age of the patient, the histological and molecular subtype of lung cancer
2. Patient-derived organoid validation (Time Frame - 5 years): Proportion of patient-derived organoids that are histologically and genetically identical to the source tumour
Secondary outcome:
1. Drug sensitivity (Time Frame - 2019 - 2023): Drug sensitivity of patient-derived tumour organoids (drug screening and chemotherapy resistance test) Secondary drug effects on patient-derived normal lung organoids
2. Prediction of the response to treatment by the patient-derived organoids (Time Frame - 2020 - 2025): The drug sensitivity was tested on patient-derived tumour organoids, which is compared with clinical response of the chemo- or targeted therapy treatment.